Dairy cow behaviour around calving: Its relationship with management practices and environmental conditions

Calving is one of the most challenging and painful experiences for dairy cattle a process that involves coping with physical physiological changes, as well environmental management-related stressors. In recent years, it has been argued application cow behaviour knowledge might facilitate their efficacious management during calving. This review aims to summarise discuss current regarding behavioural changes occur around calving time. The relationship between behaviour, practices, conditions in raised intensive indoor production systems, pasture-based also discussed. First, we briefly outline parturition concept maternal behaviour. We then describe normal dystocic births how variations these behaviours can be used predict or assisted cattle; particular emphasis placed on role feeding, rumination, lying Finally, practices influence cow's at importance providing an environment accommodates they are motivated perform. presents evidence time moved area, type group housing provision secluded area calve, impact behavioral responses cows Evidence effects exposure such heat summer, and/or cold, wet mud winter have negative suggesting potential benefits protected calve. conclude better understanding parturient may help producers improve care